Transmission gearing



' March 15 1927.

, n 1,620,857 lc. E. F. AHLM y TRANSMISSION GEARING Filed Dec. 50. 1924 2 sheets-sheet 1 .lNvENToR ATTORNEYS.

March 15,1927.

. 1,620,857 c. E. F. AHLM TRANSMISSION' GEARING Filed-Deo. 50. 1924l 2 sheets-sheet 2 v INvENToR Ffa/wm AT Tormes/5 Patented Mar. 1 5, 1927.

` 1,620,851 PATENT OFFICE.

C'EABLE E. F. AHLM, OF CLEITELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR` TO AUTOMOTIVE :PATENT HOLDING COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

TRANSMISSION Granma.

Application med December 80, 1924. Serial1 No. 758,943.

This invention relates to change speed transmission gearing such as used'for ex` am le in automobile transmission to secure di erent speeds and a reverse drive between o the motor and' the rear axle or propeller shaft. l The gearing employs the general princi- .riiles set out in my copending gp lication,

led December 30, 1924, Serial o.

which shows, describes andclaims a gearing connection between driving and driven members including an eccentrically mounted internal-external gear meshing internally with a pinion which is connected to one of the l5 members, and externally with a -gear rigid withthe other. The internal-external gear is mounted on a'rotatable eccentric bearing and the invention includes means for connecting one of the rctating members,'the

2 driving member'as shown in that case, to the eccentric bearing for preventing relative rotation between the internal-external gear and the eccentric and thus preventing any'r speed reduction between the driving and the driven members. In common with the earlier a'plication the present invention also includes rake operated means for holding the ec-` centric bearing rigid with the casing for a reduced speed, and also forV retarding the rotation of the internal-external gear while permitting it `to revolve about the eccentric for imparting a reverse rotation to the driven member. The present application is principally distinguished from the earlier applicanecting the eccentric to the driven member.-

The particular object of this invention therefore, is to provide a gearing mechanism employingai internal-external rotating and revolving gear" mounted on an eccentric bearing in which the bearing may be held against rotation relative to the driving and driven 5. members or may be positively connected with.

one o f them for eii'ecting simultaneous rothtion between the driving and driven members. A more general object may be stated to include the provision of a simplified form,v

of change speed gearing of the type ,herein shown.

Themanner in which the above objects are tion in the manner of connecting the mem- The essential characteristics will be summarized in the claims.

In the-drawings Fig. 1 is a substantially axial section through the preferred form of my gearing; Fig. 2 is a transverse section 60 therethrough taken on the linesv 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a. similar section taken on the lines 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectionl of my clutching member taken along the lines 4-4 on Fig. 1.

Designating the various parts by the use of reference characters, I have shown a driving shaft 1 adapted to be connected to Ian engine shaft 2 which is mounted in suitable "gear member is carried by an eccentric bear- Vmg 6 shown as surroundmh` the shaft at either side of the pinion and may be made in two tubular-sections 7 and 8. Theportion 8 is shown connected to a braking member 9 suitably counterweighted to balance they 8 eccentric and composite gear which brake may be operated upon by a brake 10 shown secured in the casing. Means such as cranks 15 connected at one end tothe gear member 5 and at the other to a brake member 16 35* may serve to hold the internal-external gear against rotation when it is desired to effect.

a reverse drive of the propeller shaft. The brake member 16 has a cooperating brake member 17 operable as shown in Fig. 2 9 from a shaft 19 journaled in the casing. The internal-external' gear' carries gear teeth P whichconnect with teeth Ps carried by the driven member 3. Suitable anti-friction bearings are provided between all of these relatively rotating members which in the embodiment shown are nally supported by rollers 23, 24 and 25 in the casing.

It is apparent that when the eccentric bearingis held against rotation by the operation of `a brake 10 and the engine 0r driving shaft rotated, at a certain speed, the internal-external gear will be rotated at a less speed due to thev reduction between the gears P and P1, while the propeller l shaft will be rotated at a still less Vspeed due to the reduction between the gears P2 and P. For another speed the brake member 16is held against rotation preventing the rotation of the internal external gear 5 yet ment` of this gear member 5 is permitted by reason of the cranks being offset. a distance corresponding to thev eccentricity of the 10 bearing 6 and in this revolving movement the gear teeth P2 impart a slow reverse ro- '.tation to the gear Ps resulting in a. condition,

` of reverse drive between the driving member and the propeller shaft.

It is` within the spirit of this invention to vsubstitute other means such as ears of different diameters in place of t e crank. as well as changing the'relation between the gear P2 and P8 as for inst-ance in connecting the gear P2 an internal gear and the gear P an vexternal gear depending von whatever speed may be desired.

\ 'l Themeans by which I attain a third speed namely, synchronous rotation 'of the driv ing anddriven shaft is as stated the primary distinguishing feature 'of this application .and consists essentially in clutching the propeller'member directly to the eccentric bearing. -To this end I may employ a clutch collar -`rigid with a tubular portionv 36 of the-propeller member lby reason of a pin 37 extending through the tubular portion by way of slots 38 therein. A The pin also extends into a'fsubstantially cylindrical member`40 preferably splined as shown in" Fig.l 4 to the interior of the tubular portion 36 of the propeller as at 41. The member 40 preferably carries clutch teeth .such as shown at 43 which' areadapted to mesl with similar teeth 44 carried bv the rearward end of the eccentric member 7. Means for shifting the collar 35 may comprise an arm 45 suitably mounted on a shaft 46 and journaled in the casing in the usual manner.

It will be easily seen that if the eccentric bearing is held rigid with either the composite gear, the propellershaft or with the driving shaft the same result will obtain.

However b v the arrangement shown in the present applicationthe mechanism is some-v what simplified. The two braking members 94 and 16 for instance are placed closer together resulting in a saving of metal composing the casing, while the mechanism.

which effects direct drive is made to take up considerably less lateral space than if for instance the holding member 16 were connected to, the bearin l f. -S

In the proportions shown the speeds which may be' had are as follows: -Assum-y ing an engine speed of 600 R. P. M. when the propeller shaft is clutched to the eccentric bearing thus preventing any relative rotation -between the internal-external gear and either the propeller shaft or driving peller gear P3.

`tion relative to the driving shaft the propeller shaft ,is of course also rotated at 600 R..P. M. i

If the diameter of the pinion P is assumed toI be 1.4 diameter of the circle of rotation of the `axis of the eccentric 5 is 1, gear P1 is 2.4, gear P? is 3.5, and the propellerl or gear is held against .rotation by clamping the brake .member 9 and the composite gear simply rotates on its eccentric bearing the speed of the propeller is found to be 450.2. If the composite gearis prevented from rotating but permitted to revolve (following the free rotationv of its bearing) a reverse speed of about 180 is'- obtained for the pro- It will be seen that I havel provided a very simple mechanism for attainlng the outlined objects. Iv am aware that changes may be made in the construction to still attain the desired results and therefore I do not wish to limit the scope of my invention to inessential details of construction. f

Having ,thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a gearing, in combination, a driving member having a pinion, a composite gear member in mesh with said pinion, an eccentric bearing for said gear member capable of independent and synchronous rotamember and of being held stationary, a driven member hav- 'ing a geared connection with said composite gear, means for retarding the rotation of said composite gear while permitting it to re- `P3 is 4.5; then when the eccentric bearing volve upon the eccentric ``bearing when the v bearing is free to rotate for transmitting one speed to the driven member, means for holding the eccentric bearing against rotation for an additional speed and means for connecting the eccentric bearing directly to thev driven member for effecting a third speed. 2. In a transmission gearing, in combination, a shaft having a' gear member rigid therewith, a rotatable eccentric bearing surrounding a portion of the shaft and carrying clutch teeth,l releasable means for controlling the rotation of the eccentric, la yrotatable and vrevolubleI composite ear. mounted on said eccentric bearing an having one set of teeth meshing with said gear member o f the shaft, means for restraining the rotation of said composite' gear when'said bearmg is free to rotate, another shaft having a geared connection with the composite gear,

a clutch member carriedcby said last named shaftl arranged to cooperate witlrthe clutch teethof the bearing, A'and meansffor bringing the clutch teeth togethery whereby the`,sliafts may be synchronously rotated.- l i l e 3. In antransmi'ion. gearing, 'in combina- `tion a; drivingrnembla-; driven member. a rotatable and revolubflel compositer gear member in offset axialfrlation to-one .of said members and having a vgeared' connection with apar are driving tra' driver' members abearlng for said gear member ca ,able o free rotation, means for controlling and stopping the rotation ofthe bearing for jim-Q surrounding the shaft and having an eccenpartmg a reduced speed to the driven member through said gear memberameans'ffor restraining the movement of the composite gear when the bearing is free to rotatevfor v'securingra second speed.relation, and means for-effecting la positive direct connectionbetween the driven member and the eccentric bearing, when the eccentric bearing is free to rotate, to secure synchronous rotationbe-A tween the driving and driven members 4. In a transmission gearing, in combinationa driving member, and a gear drivingly-l connected therewlth, an eccentric bearing member surrounding .a portion 'ofthe driving 'membei', a rotatable and 'evoluble internal-external gearmounted on said bearing'havjng teeth in mesh with the gear of the driving member, a driven member and a gear drivingly connected therewith in mesh with said internal-external gear, means for retarding the rotating movementof the internal-external gear while permitting the revolution thereof for effecting a reverse rotation of the driven member, a clutch member, rigid with Said-driven member a cooperating clutch member rigid withv the eccentric bearing and means' for operating the clutch whereby' the driving and driven members may be synchronously rotated.

5. In a .gearing of the class described, an

internal-exterial reduction gear, an eccentric bearing for supporting said gear, a driving member having a. geared connection with internal teeth of the internal-external gear, a hollow driven member having internal gear teeth formed thereon` in mesh with the external teeth of the internal-external gear, a dental lclutch member carredinteriorly of said .driven member and rigid therewith. a

l vclutch member rigid with said eccentric bearing and means for shifting one of said clutch members whereby the reduction gearingis made to rotate idly while the driving and driven 'members are synchronously roi tilted,

6. In a gearing, in combination, a driving member having' a pinion, a composite gear member inmesh with said pinion, an eccentric bearing member for said gear member arranged to rotate or tobeheld relatively stationary, a driven member having a geared connection to sald composite gear, brake operated means for holding the eccentric bearing against rotation for imparting a reduced speed' to said driven member, means for retarding'the rotation of said composite gear while permitting it to'revolveupon' the eccentric bearing when the bearing is free to l rotate for effecting revers-rotation of the driven member, and a dental clutch for connecting the eccentric bearing to the driven member for eiecting synchronous Arotation.V

between the driving an'd driven members.

.T .ffIn a gearing, in combination, la shaft having a pinion, a hollow bearing member tric` portion, a compositel gear member l'n'iunt'e'don the eccentric portion and having internal teethin mesh with the pinion, a rotatable member having teeth -in'lmesh with a second set of gear teeth of the composite "gear, said rotatable member having a clutch member mounted interiorly thereof, a cooperating clutch member mounted on one end ofthe eccentric bearing and means for bring- Aing the clutch members together to drivingly said shaft, an internal-'external gear carried by the bearing and having teeth in mesh with the pinion, a hollow rotatable member -havand rolling bearings carried by the eccentric 8. In a gearing, a shaft having a pinion,a. bearing member surrounding a portion of bearing for supporting one Iend of the shaft,

clutch means rigid with the eccentric bear'- ing-and cooperating clutch means slidably mounted within-the4 hollow rotatable member cooperating therewith to cause the clutch members to engage, for securing synchronous rotation between all the rotatable elements.

9.l In combination, a hollow rotatable.

member having separated rolling bearings ,a clutch element 'within said hollow member, means located between the bearings for operating the same, an eccentric bearing having a cooperating clutch element, a shaft,

said shaft andbearing member vhaving r'olling bearings, one being carried-directly by the hollow member, a pinion on the shaft, a composite gearmember carried by the eccentric bearing and engaging the pinion, a gear carried by the hollow member engaging ,the composite gear, means for controlling the rotation of the bearing when said clutch elements are disconnected for effecting a given speed relation between the shaft androtatable member, and means for controlling the rotation of the gear for another-relation.

10. In a gearing of the class described, ay hollow rotatable member, supporting bearings therefor, a shaft having a pinion, a hol'- low bearing member surrounding the shaft, a

composite gear member. carried b the bearing member havin 4teethfin 'mes with the'. pinion, a gear' rigi with the first named hollow member having teeth in mesh 'with the. ,composite gear, a rolling bearing interposed between the eccentric bearing member ,and

l the said first named hollowI member and rolling bearings between the eccentric bearing. and the 'shaft whereby a portion of the shaft I. andl hollow bearing are both supported by said ,first named hollow member, means for controlling the rotation of the eccentric bearing andl composite gear whereby the gearing operates to secure a plurality of speeds between tlie shaft and said first named hollow member, a'clutchmember carried by a for- `wai'dly projecting portion of the eccentric bearing, said portion extending between said rolling bearings and a cooperating clutch member within said rotatable member whereby direct drive may be secured between the shaft and said vhollow member.

11. In `a transmission gearing, a shaft having a pinion, a rotatable eccentric bearing surrounding a portion of the sha-ft, a clutch member carried thereby extending rear `wardly of the shaft, releasable means for controlling the rotation of the' eccentric, a composite gearA mounted on said eccentric bearing and having one set of teeth meshing with thepinion, a rotatable member having rolling bearings Jxfor supporting the rearward end ofithe eccentric bearing and having a gear in mesh with said composite gear, a

clutch member cooperating vwith said first named clutch memberand rigid with said "rotatable member, land 'means for causing such cooperation to couple the eccentric bear- .ing to the rotatable member to cause lall of the elements to be rotated as a unit.

12. 4InaI transmission gearing in combination a pair of rotatable members to be connected in diii'erentspeed relations, arotatable and revoluble composite gear member in offset axial relation thereto andhaving a geared connection witheach of the rotatable members, "independently rotatable means and means for restraining such inde 1 pendent rotation, and a connection between -such independently rotatable means and the composite gear vincluding a plurality of.

Y cranks having bearings for their armscar7. Y ried rigidly by. the last named means and the composite gear respectively, an .independ-l ently rotatable bearing member vfor the coinposite gear adapted to Aroltate yfreely when said restraining means is operative foreffecting a given speed relation between the first named members, and meansfor causin .the bearing member to be effectively locke to one' yof thefirst named members for an-. other speed.

13. In a transmission gearing, in combi-` nation, 'a p'air of rotatable members tobeconnectcd in different speed-relations` an' independently 'rotatable bearing member in surrounding relation to one ofY said members,

. bearing having a a rotatable and revoluble internalexternal gear member mounted 4thereon and having a geared connection with each of the rotatable members, Aindependently rotatable means having a connection therewith means for restraining such independent rotation, said connection com rising cranks, having their arms supported) by said independently rotatable means and the internalexternal gezr respectively, for restraining the rotation ofthe internal-external gear, and clutch'mcans for connecting the bearing `member to one of said first namedarotatable members. v

14. In a transmission gearing, a pair of rotatable members, a rotatable eccentric bearing surrounding one of the members, a compositei gear member surrounding the eared connection with both ofl said rotata le members, an independently rotatable. member and a connection between it and the composite gear comand prising crank members with their respective arms pivotallyv engaging the independently rotatable member and gear, means for re-v straining the rotation of the last named -member for a given speed. and means for controlling the rotation of the eccentric bearing for another speed.

15. In a gearing, a pair of rotatable meinbers, 'gears rigid with each, a composite gear in mesh with both of said gears, a rotatable bearing member supporting the same, said .bearing member surrounding one of the rotatable members and being capable of independent rotation relative thereto, means for restraining the rotation of the composite gear comprising a member and cranks piv- Qa. rotatable and revoluble composite gear member mounted thereon and havinga geared connection with each of the rotatable members, restraining means for the composite gear comprising a restrainablcmember and cranks connecting the same to the gear to prevent its rotation relative to the re- 'strainable member, means for holding the eccentric gear against rotation for a given speed and means for effectively locking all the elements together vwhereby they may rotate as a unit.

j .In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiiii my signature.l

CHARLES E. i?. AHLM. 

